The parish of St Martin was created in the first half of the 13th century, even before the city was established. The first mention of the church, which initially must have been made of wood, comes from 1252. The adjacent hamlet, known by the name of Saint Martin, was not incorporated into the city until the end of the 18th century.
The present Gothic structure comes from the early 16th century. In 1657 it was burnt down by the Brandenburg army. Rebuilt at the turn of the 18th century, the church gained a Baroque interior. The spire that was made then had to be demolished in 1745, as it was threatening to collapse. A new spire had to wait to be erected until the general renovation of the church between 1925-29. That was when a new, fourth nave was built south of the aisle bay. During the fighting in 1945 the church was badly damaged. The renovation carried out between 1950-55 restored it to its original late Gothic form.
The church's three - nave interior is covered by a stellar vaulting. The wall polychromy, painted directly on the bricks in 1957, was designed by Wacław Taranczewski. The stained glass windows in the chancel, designed by Jan Piasecki, were made in 1960. The high altar features a late Gothic Silesian triptych from 1498. In its centre there are statues of Our Lady with the Infant, John the Baptist and St Katherine. Over the entrance to the church there is a relief depicting St Martin on a horse, made in 1953 by Edward Haupt.
Outside the church there is a grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes. It was created in 1911, but was enlarged to its present size in 1932. One year later, on the 15th anniversary of the outbreak of the Poznań Uprising, a commemorative plaque was put up. In the wooden belfry there are three bells: the Renaissance St Martin dating from 1563, St Andrew from 1718 and the largest of the three, Our Lady from 1747.